Taxonomic list T3, primary language: EN, subsidiary: LA, interface: EN, work in progress

neuron

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Top level cell Short Extended
Level 2 nervous cell Short Extended
Current level neuron Extended
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language
Ancestors
Taxonomic list
FMAID TA UID Pair
Short English equivalent
Short official Latin term
54527 5064
neuron
neuron
84649 18517
sensory neuron T4 29 children
neuron sensorium
72351 8265 part
vestibular hair cell; vestibular sensory cell ; vestibulocyte
vestibulocytus ; cellula sensoria pilosa
72352 8295 part
type I vestibular hair cell; type I vestibular sensory cell; vestibulocyte of type I
vestibulocytus typi I ductus semicircularis ; vestibulocytus piriformis
67909 8314 part
type 2 vestibular hair cell; type 2 vestibular sensory cell; vestibulocyte of type 2
vestibulocytus typi II; vestibulocytus columnaris
329133 17857
axonal neuron
neuron axonicum
67287 17858
multipolar neuron
neuron multipolare
67313 20225
interneuron
interneuron
22577
local interneuron; interneuron with short axon
interneuron breviaxonicum
22579
excitatory interneuron T4 14 children
interneuron excitatorium
84776 22580
inhibitory interneuron T4 61 children
interneuron inhibitorium
8316
short interneuron of enteric plexus
interneuron breviaxonicum plexus enterici
22578
interneuron with long axon
interneuron longiaxonicum
67310 22581
projection neuron T4 39 children
neuron projectionis
22582
commissural neuron T4 2 children
neuron commissurale
22583
association neuron T4 2 children
neuron associationis
9170 part
interneuron of isocortex
interneuron isocorticis
9366 part
interneuron of olfactory bulb
interneuron bulbi olfactorii
9305 part
interneuron of hippocampus
interneuron hippocampi
9402 part
interneuron of dentate gyrus
interneuron gyri dentati
8792 part
interneuron of striatum
interneuron striati
8234 part
cerebellar interneuron
interneuron corticis cerebelli
8236 part
excitatory interneuron of cerebellar cortex
interneuron excitatorium corticis cerebelli
8245 part
inhibitory interneuron of cerebellar cortex
interneuron inhibitorium corticis cerebelli
83617 18516
motoneuron ; neuron motorium
11635
motoneuron neuromodulatorium
80121 18515
neuron ganglii autonomici
62086 7644 part
retinal neuron
neuron retinale
9116 part
cortical column of isocortex
columna corticalis isocorticis
9126 part
ocular dominance column
columna dominantiae ocularis
9127 part
orientation column
columna orientationis
9132 part
hypercolumn
hypercolumna
84787 18317
dopaminergic neuron T4 20 children
neuron dopaminergicum
9135 part
neuron of isocortex
neuron isocorticis
9237 part
neuron of olfactory bulb
neuron bulbi olfactorii
9023 part
neuron of hippocampus
neuron hippocampi
9399 part
neuron of dentate gyrus
neuron gyri dentati
9852 part
neuron of striatum
neuron striati
8800 part
neuron of globus pallidus
neuron globi pallidalis
8229 part
neuron of cerebellar cortex
neuron corticis cerebelli
8341 part
neuron of cerebellar nucleus
neuron nuclei cerebelli
8046 part
neuron of posterior cochlear nucleus
neuron nuclei cochlearis posterioris
8061 part
neuron of anterior cochlear nucleus
neuron nuclei cochlearis anterioris
18560
neuron of spinal cord
neuron medullae spinalis
7822 part
neuron cornus posterioris ; neuron cornus dorsalis
7842 part
neuron zonae intermediae
7865 part
neuron cornus anterioris ; neuron cornus ventralis
47 items
55 entities
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
7644
Heading Neura retinalia added, from TH; based on Kolb H, Linberg KA, Fisher SK 1992. Neurons of the human retina: A Golgi study. J Comp Neurol 318:147-187, and more recent studies (Website Kolb H et al. The Organization of the Retina and Visual System; http://webvision.med.utah.edu).
9135
Here, the Isocortical neurons are added, in part following and modifying TH terms. They are subdivided into Pyramidal neurons (Projection, Commissural nand Association eurons) and Excitatory and Inhibitory interneurons. In general, Small pyramidal neurons are found in Layer II and give rise to ipsilateral Corticocortical projections. Medium-sized pyramidal neurons are found in Layer III and give rise to Commissural projections. The Large pyramidal neurons in Layer V give rise to the Corticofugal projections (Mountcastle VB 1998 The Cerebral Cortex. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
9305
The classic Golgi studies by Cajal (Ramón y Cajal S 1909-1911 Histologie du système nerveux de l'homme et des vertébrés. Maloine, Paris) and Lorente de Nó R (1934 Studies on the structure of the cerebral cortex. II. Continuation of the study of the ammonic system. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 46:113-177) showed the presence of some 20 different types of interneurons in the Hippocampus. Most of them have been immunohistochemically defined (see Freund TF, Buzsaki G 1996 Interneurons of the hippocampus. Hippocampus 6:347-470; Somogyi P 2010 Hippocampus: Intrinsic organization. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuitry. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 148-164). Some 28 types of GABAergic interneurons can be distinguished (Somogyi 2010), basically: Basket neurons, Bistratified neurons, and Chandelier neurons.
9852
For Golgi studies see Braak H, Braak E (1982 Neuronal types in the striatum of man. Cell Tissue Res 227:319-342), and Graveland GA, Williams RS, DiFiglia M (1985 A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: Neurons and afferent fibers. J Comp Neurol 234:317-333); for immunohistochemical and physiological data see Bolam JP (2010 Microcircuits of the striatum. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuits. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 109-119) and Haber SN, Adler A, Bergman H (2012 The basal ganglia. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 678-838).
22578
This category comprises the Interneurons, in the sense of all neurons other than motoneurons and sensory neurons, that are usually described as Projection, Commissural and Association neurons (see Bota M, Swanson LW 2007 The neuron classification problem. Brain Res Rev 56:79-88).
22581
See note # 22578
22582
See note # 22578
22583
See note # 22578
Signature
Type of list T3
List Unit Identifier 5064
Sublist 1 7822 neuron cornus posterioris 19/20 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 2 7842 neuron zonae intermediae 17/18 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 3 7865 neuron cornus anterioris 14/15 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 4 11635 neuron neuromodulatorium 4/5 on 3.12.2018
Sublist 5 18317 neuron dopaminergicum 20/21 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 6 18515 neuron ganglii autonomici 13/14 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 7 18516 motoneuron 13/14 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 8 18517 neuron sensorium 29/30 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 9 22579 interneuron excitatorium 14/15 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 10 22580 interneuron inhibitorium 61/62 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 11 22581 neuron projectionis 39/40 on 25.5.2025
Sublist 12 22582 neuron commissurale 2/3 on 4.12.2018
Sublist 13 22583 neuron associationis 2/3 on 25.5.2025
Subtotals subchildren 247 subunits 260
Proper children 54
Number of children 301 (validated)
Proper units 34
Number of units 294 (validated)
Signature 16107 (validated since 25.5.2025)
Date: 25.05.2025